Regulating valve control for internal-combustion engines



Jung 1o 1924.

REGULATING v'ALvEcoNTRoL FOR INTERNAL'GOMBUSTION ENGINES nle nec. 23,l 1919 JEL mlm-mum J- Fatented june l0, 1924.

UNTED STATES? Marzo@ sereni? ermee.

JOHN G.' BOUTON, YOF THE UNITED STATESv RHY.

appneamn mea December as, ma sensi no. 346,977.

ToaIZfwwmz't/may concern.'

Beit known that I, JOHN G. Boo'roN, Lt. Col., Ordnance Dept., U.V S. A., a ,citizen of th United States, stationed at Washingtn, D. C., have invented an Improvement in 'Regulating Valve Control for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to means for improving the o eration of internal combustion engines t at are employed in such a way as to require only a portion of their maximum power and velocity of rotation during the greater part of the time 4of operation. The usual internal combustion engine is rovided with a throttle in the intake maniold and the charge delivered to the cylinders is governed by the partial vacuum between the throttle and the cylinders. rlhe result of this method of regulation can be shown when the throttle is partially closed, to be as follows The suction 'of the cylinders on the intake stroke produces a partial vacuum in the intake manifold. At the beginning of an intake stroke the exhaust valve is closed, the space in the cylinder above the piston is illed lwith the products of combustion at about atmospheric pressure. At this point the piston begins its downward movement and the intake valve opens. As the pres' sure in the intake manifold is much lower than the pressure in the cylinder, the prod- 85 ucts of combustion move past the intake valve into the intake manifold and mix with the inflammable mixture. This continues until the piston has moved to a point where the pressure in the cylinder is lower e0 than that in the manifold when the motion of the ases is reversed and iirst some of the pro ucts of combustion and then some inflammable mixture is drawn in. lt can be seen that this will be late in the downxward stroke of the iston and that the dow from the manifold to the vcylinder will continue until the intake valve closes, which in usual practice, is from 30 to 40 of revolution of the crank shaft Aafter the isen ton has started its return stroke. W en the throttle is nearly closed the manifold charge will be introduced from about the` tnne the piston reaches bottom center vuntil the intake valve closes on the upward stroke.

It is proposed by this invention to eliminate the throttle, so

that the pressure in the intake manifold w1ll be practically that of the atmosphere and to control the intake valve so that it will open as the piston starts downward and close as soon as the re uired charge is taken in, the advantages ing, that as no sustained vacuum is created in the intake manifold there will be much less tendency foivaporized liquid fuel to condense in the manifold due to the rarefication and cooling of the explosive mixture, and that the charge will be in the cylinder from near the beginning of the intake stroke of the piston, so that it will be heated from about 20 revolution of the Crank shaft after the piston has reached top center to about 30 before reaching the to center on the compression stroke, which 1s about the point at which the spark occurs. In the roposed valve action, the greater part of the explosive charge will be inthe cylinder for about 310 of the revolution of the crank shaft, whereas in the usual engine it is in the cylinder for about 150 of revolution of the crank shaft. The mixture therefore will be in the cylinder over twice as long and due to theheat absorbed from the c linder walls will be in much better con ition for burning. As more power is needed, the intake valve will be opened wider and for a longer time.

lt is further proposed to control the exhaust valve so that when using small charges it will open about 10 before bottom center of the power stroke and close about 10 after top center of as larger charges are usedl to advance the opening so that when full charges are used the valve will open about before bottom center.l With small charges the early opening of the exhaust valve is not needed on account of the small volume of gas, so it is proposed to make use of the expansive power remaining in the gas and what is more important, to kee the gases in the cylinder as long as possib e so that more of their heat ma be absorbed by the cylinder walls.

isn the following specification reference is the exhaust stroke and icc lil

made tothe accompan ing drawings illustrntive or the preferredy embodiment for accomplishing my invention l Figure l is a side elevation of an internal combustion'engine with parts broken away to show the application of my invention 'to an inlet valve and the stem of an exhaust valve ligure 2 earn.

Figure 3 is an end view of the small end of the cam showing the cam shaft in section. Figure d is an end view oit a large end of the cam showing the cam shat in section.

Figure 5 is an end view with parts in section showing the relative. form of the intake cam atthe successive sections taken on the lines eine, h-h and c-c oi Figure 2. Fire 6 is an end view with the cam shaft in section, showing the relative form or the exhaust cam on successive sections corresponding to the lines w-on -b and c-c of lFig. 2.

Theneral l designates the cylinder of an internal combustion engine having the usual inlet valvev 34 and the exhaust valve, not-shown.; The stems of the inlet and enhaust valves are urged downwardly by the usual valve springs for operative engagemt withA the valveftappfets 2', 3 which pass through appropriate bushings in the crank case 4l for coacting with the inlet @am 5 and exhaust cam 6 carried by the cam shaft 7. The cam shaft 7 is rotatably mounted in bearingsl carried by the crankis a side elevation oi an inlet -case and is caable oli longitudinal sliding or a chain drive is used .i gears, it is proposed to make the cam shaft gear or the usual width and'to provide it movement in tese bearings. Shaft 7 carries at one end a spur-gear 8 meshing with a gear 9 secured to the crank shaft.

The face of the gear 8 is made wider than that of the spur gear 9 so that the two gears will remain in mesh at Iall operative itions of the Icam shaft. llfspiral gears instead of spur with asquare or splined-central hole into which the square or splined end of the cam shaft. istitted, so that the cam shaft may have. endwise motion with respect to the gear and at the same time be rotated by the gear. l,The end ofthe cam shaft opposite thegear 8 is provided with a circumferential groove into which is htted a sleeve 12 hav' projecting pins 13 4for engaging the ends of a oct lever 14. 'lhe lever ld is pivoted to an ear 15 secured to the c case and is retained in normal vposition by means of a tension spring 16 conn to a lug 17 formed on the crank case and to an eye formed in a lug 18 on the lever. The foot lever ltis longitudinally slotted for the reception'oi? a rod 20 on which visadjustably `mounted the nut 21,

cana which twill. e en Menace The rod 20 is pivotally secured to an 22 mounted for rotation with the shaft which is controlled by a lever adapted to h operated by hand. The pedal 19 of the foot lever is disposed for convenient operation ci" the operator of the engine or motor vehicle.

The inlet ports of the multi-cylinder engine are connected to the carbureter 2t the intake manifold 25, while the exhaust ports connect to a common exhaust pipe `ldigure 2 shows a view oi the intake cam, and it will be understood that the exhaust cam is disposed in dierent anlar relation to the cam shaft in Vorder to operate their respective valves at the properperiods in relation to the 'llhe inlet cam is of varying section as shown in liig. 5 so as to begin to open the inlet valve at a .certain point at all or its successive sections but to open the valve wider and for a longer period as the cam shaft is moved to the left. The exhaust cam 6 as shown in Fig. 6 is shaped so as to open the valve earlier and to a greater extent as the shaft 7 is moved to the left but all oi the sections of the valve will permit the closposition oi the piston l0..

ing or the exhaust valve at the same place in relation to the position of the piston.

e operation isas follows ln case only a small amount oi power is desired the cam shaft is moved by the tension spring i6 to the right bringin the smaller sections of both the intake an the exhaust f :11e-I into operation. Beginning with the intake stroke the piston starts down, the intake valve opens, the small charge needed is taken in, the intake valve closes, the charge is heated duri the remainder oir the intake stroke and untll. it is red near the top or the compression stroke. The piston passes on to the top of the compression stroke and moves downward on the power stroke, the lgnited charge driving the piston down and heating the iston and cylinder until near the end of the power stroke, when the erhaust valve opens releasing the charge which is forced out as the piston travels upward on the eaust stroke. As more power is needed the cam shaft is moved to the lett as shown on the drawing, bring into operation sections of the intake cam which will raise the intake valve higher and heep it open longer and sections of the exhaust the exhaust valve earlier and for va onger eriod and to a greater extent so as to e aust the larger charges without undue back pressure on the iston. p llt is believed that my invention, the scope of which is embracedin the appended claims, is new and useful, and as such is atentable under the revised statutes ot .t e United Statesa Having described my invention, what ll .claim as new and desire to secure by Matters and. the exhaust valve o ens near the enel .of

Patent, is:- the power stroke of e piston, and for l@ i The method of governing an internal larger charges the intake valve opens wider combustion engine by operating the intake and for a longer time and the exhaust valve 5 and exhaust valves sothat for small charges opens earlier so as to exhaust the larger the intake valve opens near the beinnmg volume of gases Without undue hack presof the intake stroke of the piston an vcloses sure.

es soon es the desired charge is admitted 50m G. BOUTON. 

